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21.
Water Self-Softening Processes at Waterfall Sites   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Many rivers in tropical and subtropical karst regions are supersaturated with respect to CaCO3 and have high water hardness. After flowing through waterfall sites, river water is usually softened, accompanied by tufa formation, which is simply described as a result of water turbulence in fast-flowing water. In this paper, a series of laboratory experiments are designed to simulate the hydrological conditions at waterfall sites. The influences of air-water interface, water flow velocity, aeration and solid-water interface on water softening are compared and evaluated on a quantitative basis. The results show that the enhanced inorganic CO2 outgassing due to sudden hydrological changes occurring at waterfall sites is the principal cause of water softening at waterfall sites. Both air-water interface area and water flow velocity increase as a result of the "aeration effect", "low pressure effect" and "jet-flow effect" at waterfall sites, which greatly accelerates CO2 outgassing and therefore makes natural w  相似文献   
22.
The Salawusu Formation of Milanggouwan section in Salawusu River Valley includes 7 layers of paleo-mobile dune sands, and 4 layers of paleo-fixed and semi-fixed dune sands. Their structures have been observed and their grain size, surface textural features and several main chemical elements have been analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Some of the aeolian structural characteristics of these dune sands are similar to that of the recent dune sands. 2) They are also similar to the recent dune sands in grain size components, and parameters of Mz,σ, Sk and Kg, as well as in several main chemical components. 3) The scattergrams of Mz-σ and SiO2-Al2O3+TOFE and the probability curves of grain size showed that these paleo-dune sands are different from paleosols and fluvio-lacustrine facies, but are consistency with recent dune sands. 4) Quartz sands have well roundness and surface textural features such as dish-shaped pits, crescent-shaped pits, pockmarked pits, upturned cleavage plates, siliceous precipitates and siliceous crevasses, indicating that they had been carried for a long time by the wind. As the 11 layers of paleo-dune sands possess the aeolian characteristics in structure, grain size, surface textural features and chemical elements, the origin of their formation should be attributed to eolation.  相似文献   
23.
The Salawusu Formation of Milanggouwan section in Salawusu River Valley in-cludes 7 layers of paleo-mobile dune sands, and 4 layers of paleo-fixed and semi-fixed dune sands. Their structures have been observed and their grain size, surface textural features and several main chemical elements have been analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Some of the aeolian structural characteristics of these dune sands are similar to that of the recent dune sands. 2) They are also similar to the recent dune sands in grain size components, and parameters of Mz, σ, Sk and Kg, as well as in several main chemical components. 3) The scattergrams of Mz-σ and SiO2–Al2O3+TOFE and the probability curves of grain size showed that these paleo-dune sands are different from paleosols and fluvio-lacustrine facies, but are consistency with recent dune sands. 4) Quartz sands have well roundness and surface textural features such as dish-shaped pits, crescent-shaped pits, pockmarked pits, upturned cleavage plates, siliceous precipitates and siliceous crevasses, indicating that they had been carried for a long time by the wind. As the 11 layers of paleo-dune sands possess the aeolian characteristics in structure, grain size, surface textural features and chemical elements, the origin of their formation should be attributed to eolation.  相似文献   
24.
The MGS5 segment of the Milanggouwan stratigraphical section in China's Salawusu River Valley records 8.5 sedimentary cycles consisting of dune sands alternating with fluviolacustrine facies or/and paleosols. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of Rb and Sr within the segment and paleoecological evidence (fossils), it appears that the observed sedimentation cycles mainly resulted from fluctuations between dry-cold and warm-humid climates, which indicates that the MGS5 segment experienced at least eight cold-dry and nine warm-humid climatic fluctuations. Of these, 12 cold–warm climate fluctuations correspond to DO20–DO25 and stadia 21–26 recorded by the NGRIP ice cores. Another five cold–warm climatic fluctuations that occurred during MGS5e correspond to five substages (5e1–5e5) recorded by the GRIP ice cores from Greenland. This kind of high-frequency climatic fluctuation on a kiloyear scale was mainly subject to variations in the strength of the East Asian winter and summer monsoons.  相似文献   
25.
为进一步查清东北亚完达山地体与两侧的佳木斯地块、兴凯地块间接触关系以及对跃进山拼贴带域沉积盆地油气条件的控制作用,布设5条MT剖面,计长1104 km.结果显示:(1)研究区地电学结构主要特征为佳木斯地块从中部向南北两方向,这一稳定地块的“高阻核”减薄,兴凯地块的高阻块体自东而西逐渐加深增厚,完达山地体在南部具有较多的高阻块体,向北渐少.(2)完达山地体西南端呈一“牛角”形状范围把佳木斯地块和兴凯地块分开;与原认识的完达山地体、佳木斯地块在同江-宝清-当壁一带贴合的位置相比,从宝清开始向南移至麻山-桦林一带.(3)完达山地体构造成因包括两部分,一是俯冲引起的拼贴,二是软流圈物质的热上涌;佳木斯地块内所存在的“高阻核”边界可能是该地块东界.(4)4个沉积盆地除勃利盆地外,另外3个盆地的基底间或存在规模不大的高阻块,大多范围分布着高导带,对盆地的成烃环境是有利的.  相似文献   
26.
基于提升算法和百分位数软阈值的小波去噪技术   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
在地震勘探领域,随机噪声一直是影响地震信号信噪比的主要因素之一,如何从被干扰的地震信号中有效去除随机噪声并保护有用信号具有重要的意义.针对经典小波变换在计算效率方面的缺陷,本文推荐应用提升算法实现第二代小波变换的构建,分析和对比了提升算法(Lifting Scheme)下不同小波变换方法的特性,选取更加符合小波域去噪原理的CDF 9/7双正交小波变换作为基本算法,同时应用了简单、有效的百分位数(Percentiles)软阈值进行信噪分离.通过理论模型处理,本方法可以在去噪能力和保护有用信号之间找到很好的平衡点.实际剖面的处理效果表明,此方法不仅能有效的滤除随机噪声,而且很好地保护有用信号,提高地震数据分析的精确性.  相似文献   
27.
波动理论一直是地震学的核心内容,非线性波在介质中是真实存在的,能够充分认识非线性波,将对波动理论的发展和进一步应用提供很大的帮助.本文从固体介质中的位移、应力、应变的基本关系出发,推导了非线性P波在二维固体中的传播的非线性方程,对此非线性方程,采用四阶差分的方法,研究其在二维空间中的传播特点,对非线性波的传播有了更深的认识和理解.  相似文献   
28.
对鲁西地区石炭二叠纪煤系火山碎屑岩特征进行了分析,结果表明,火山碎屑物质以晶屑最为常见,常见的火山碎屑岩有凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩、凝灰质灰岩、凝灰质砂岩、凝灰质粉砂岩。还对在太原组煤层中发现的宇宙尘形貌及化学组成进行了研究,经与国内外相关资料对比,认为研究区宇宙尘为Si质玻璃球。提出了研究区石炭纪曾发生过火山地质事件、天体地质事件。   相似文献   
29.
中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)卵子激活过程的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
许多动物的成熟卵子的激活都是由受精引起的,精子的刺激引起卵子的皮层反应及减数分裂的完成[1].而对虾的成熟卵子的激活可由海水引起,而无需受精[2~9].在对锐脊单肢虾(Sicyonia ingentis)卵子激活研究中发现,其成熟卵子无论受精与否,在接触海水以后具有相同的激活过程,受精卵和未受精卵的皮层反应及减数分裂的完成没有区别,但未受精卵不能进行正常的卵裂[7].  相似文献   
30.
栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过电镜观察,描述了栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构变化。栉孔扇贝的精子过程可分成为早期,中期和后期3个阶段。(1)早期:细胞核呈团块状,近端中心粒移向精子细胞的后端并嵌在核的凹窝处,在被观察的视野内,可见到大量与精子细胞分离的成熟鞭毛。(2)中期:核由团块状向流线型转变。顶体泡向帽状顶体转变,顶体下间隙开始出现。近端中心粒分化出中心粒卫星体。(3)后期:精子细胞核变成上窄下宽的长柱状,形成帽状顶体  相似文献   
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